UAE laws by sector
UAE commercial, companies, insolvency, competition, consumer and broader business legislation.
Federal Law No. (2) of 2015
The 2015 Commercial Companies Law was the principal federal companies statute governing mainland commercial-company formation, governance, ownership, management, capital, joint-stock companies, foreign companies, liquidation, inspection and penalties. It is retained here as a historical law because it was expressly repealed from 2 January 2022 by Federal Decree by Law No. (32) of 2021.
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Federal Decree-Law No. (51) of 2023
The Financial Restructuring and Bankruptcy Law governs preventive settlement, restructuring and bankruptcy/liquidation for covered UAE debtors, creates a specialist Bankruptcy Court and modernises creditor, trustee, financing and cross-border insolvency rules. It replaced Federal Decree-Law No. (9) of 2016 and has been in force since 1 May 2024.
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Federal Law by Decree No. (42) of 2023
The 2023 Anti-Commercial Fraud Law protects UAE markets and consumers by prohibiting fraudulent, counterfeit, adulterated or misleading goods and regulating supplier obligations, inspection, seizure/disposal, grievance procedures, penalties and enforcement. It repealed Federal Law No. (19) of 2016.
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Federal Decree by Law No. (50) of 2022
The Commercial Transactions Law is the UAE's principal federal code for commercial acts and traders, commercial obligations and contracts, banking operations, commercial papers and specified transactions of Islamic financial institutions. It replaced the former 1993 Commercial Code and entered into force on 2 January 2023.
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Federal Decree by Law No. (25) of 2024
This decree-law gives GCC citizens, whether natural or legal persons, equal treatment with UAE citizens when practising economic activities and professions in the UAE, subject to exclusions or conditions adopted through GCC Supreme Council or UAE Cabinet decisions. It repeals the former Federal Law No. (2) of 1984.
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