construction lawConstruction Defects and Liabilities: Navigating Legal Actions in the UAE

“Building a strong defense against construction defects in the UAE.”

Introduction

Introduction:

Construction defects can have serious implications for all parties involved in a construction project in the UAE. From developers and contractors to homeowners and tenants, understanding the legal liabilities associated with construction defects is crucial for navigating potential legal actions. In this article, we will explore the common types of construction defects in the UAE, the legal framework governing construction defects, and the potential liabilities for each party involved in a construction project.

Identifying Common Construction Defects in UAE Projects

Construction projects in the UAE are known for their grandeur and innovation, with towering skyscrapers and luxurious developments dotting the landscape. However, with such ambitious projects comes the risk of construction defects, which can have serious implications for developers, contractors, and property owners. Identifying common construction defects in UAE projects is crucial in order to address them promptly and avoid potential legal liabilities.

One of the most common construction defects in UAE projects is poor workmanship. This can manifest in various ways, such as uneven surfaces, cracks in walls or floors, and faulty installations. Poor workmanship can compromise the structural integrity of a building and pose safety risks to occupants. It is essential for developers and contractors to closely monitor the quality of work being done on a construction site to prevent such defects from occurring.

Another common construction defect in UAE projects is water infiltration. The hot and humid climate in the UAE can exacerbate water-related issues, such as leaks in roofs, windows, or plumbing systems. Water infiltration can lead to mold growth, deterioration of building materials, and damage to interior finishes. Proper waterproofing measures should be implemented during the construction phase to prevent water infiltration and mitigate potential damages.

Inadequate insulation is another prevalent construction defect in UAE projects. In a region where temperatures can soar to extreme levels, proper insulation is essential to maintain comfortable indoor environments and reduce energy consumption. Poor insulation can result in excessive heat gain or loss, leading to higher utility bills and discomfort for occupants. Developers and contractors should ensure that insulation materials are installed correctly and meet the required standards to avoid this common defect.

Faulty electrical systems are also a common issue in UAE construction projects. Electrical defects can pose serious safety hazards, such as electrical fires or electrocution. Improper wiring, overloaded circuits, and substandard electrical components are some of the factors that can contribute to electrical defects. It is crucial for developers and contractors to engage qualified electrical engineers and contractors to design and install electrical systems that comply with local regulations and safety standards.

In addition to the aforementioned defects, poor design and planning can also result in construction defects in UAE projects. Inadequate structural design, improper material selection, and lack of coordination among project stakeholders can lead to costly rework and delays. Developers should engage experienced architects, engineers, and consultants to develop comprehensive design and construction plans that address potential issues and ensure the successful completion of a project.

In conclusion, identifying common construction defects in UAE projects is essential for mitigating risks and liabilities associated with faulty construction practices. Developers, contractors, and property owners should be vigilant in monitoring the quality of workmanship, implementing proper waterproofing and insulation measures, ensuring the safety of electrical systems, and engaging experienced professionals to design and plan construction projects. By addressing these common defects proactively, stakeholders can avoid legal disputes and uphold the reputation of the UAE’s construction industry.

Understanding Liability for Construction Defects in the UAE

Construction defects can be a significant issue in the construction industry, leading to disputes between parties involved in a construction project. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), construction defects can result in legal actions and liabilities for the parties responsible. Understanding liability for construction defects in the UAE is crucial for all stakeholders involved in construction projects.

When it comes to construction defects, it is essential to understand the legal framework in the UAE. The UAE Civil Code governs construction contracts and provides guidelines on liability for construction defects. According to the Civil Code, contractors and consultants are responsible for defects in construction work for a period of ten years from the date of delivery of the project. This means that contractors and consultants can be held liable for any defects that arise within this timeframe.

In the event of a construction defect, the party seeking redress must notify the contractor or consultant of the defect within a reasonable time frame. Failure to do so may result in the party losing their right to claim compensation for the defect. It is essential for parties to document any defects and notify the responsible party promptly to protect their legal rights.

In cases where a construction defect leads to financial losses or damages, the party affected may seek compensation through legal action. Legal actions for construction defects in the UAE can be complex and require a thorough understanding of the legal process. It is advisable for parties to seek legal advice from experienced construction lawyers to navigate the legal complexities of construction defect claims.

When it comes to liability for construction defects, it is essential to determine the party responsible for the defect. In some cases, multiple parties may be held liable for a construction defect, including contractors, sub-contractors, and consultants. Determining liability can be challenging, and parties may need to rely on expert opinions and evidence to establish liability.

In the UAE, parties involved in construction projects may also be subject to arbitration or mediation to resolve disputes related to construction defects. Arbitration and mediation can be effective ways to resolve construction disputes outside of the court system and can help parties reach a mutually acceptable resolution.

It is crucial for parties involved in construction projects in the UAE to be aware of their rights and obligations regarding construction defects. Understanding liability for construction defects and navigating legal actions can help parties protect their interests and ensure that construction projects are completed successfully.

In conclusion, construction defects can have significant legal implications for parties involved in construction projects in the UAE. Understanding liability for construction defects and navigating legal actions is essential for all stakeholders in the construction industry. By being aware of their rights and obligations, parties can protect themselves from potential liabilities and disputes related to construction defects. Seeking legal advice from experienced construction lawyers can help parties navigate the complexities of construction defect claims and ensure that their legal rights are protected.

Construction defects can be a significant issue for property owners in the UAE, leading to costly repairs and potential safety hazards. When faced with construction defects, property owners may seek legal remedies to address the issues and hold responsible parties accountable. In the UAE, there are several legal avenues available to property owners to seek compensation for construction defects.

One common legal remedy for construction defects in the UAE is filing a claim for breach of contract. When a construction project is completed, the property owner and the contractor typically enter into a contract that outlines the scope of work, timeline, and quality standards. If the contractor fails to meet the terms of the contract, such as by using substandard materials or failing to complete the work on time, the property owner may have grounds to file a breach of contract claim.

In addition to breach of contract claims, property owners in the UAE may also have recourse under the country’s civil code. Under the UAE Civil Code, property owners have the right to seek compensation for damages caused by construction defects. This can include not only the cost of repairing the defects but also any additional expenses incurred as a result of the defects, such as temporary housing costs or lost rental income.

Another legal remedy available to property owners in the UAE is filing a claim for negligence. If a construction defect is the result of the contractor’s failure to exercise reasonable care in performing the work, the property owner may be able to hold the contractor liable for negligence. To prove negligence, the property owner must demonstrate that the contractor owed a duty of care, breached that duty, and that the breach caused the construction defect and resulting damages.

In some cases, property owners in the UAE may also have grounds to file a claim for fraud or misrepresentation. If a contractor knowingly misrepresents the quality of materials used or the work performed, the property owner may be able to seek compensation for damages resulting from the fraud. Proving fraud can be more challenging than other legal claims, as it requires demonstrating that the contractor made false statements with the intent to deceive the property owner.

When pursuing legal remedies for construction defects in the UAE, property owners should be aware of the statute of limitations for filing claims. In the UAE, the statute of limitations for construction defect claims is typically 15 years from the date of completion of the work. Property owners should act promptly to gather evidence of the defects and consult with legal counsel to determine the best course of action.

In conclusion, property owners in the UAE have several legal remedies available to address construction defects and seek compensation for damages. Whether through breach of contract claims, negligence claims, fraud claims, or other legal avenues, property owners can hold responsible parties accountable for substandard workmanship and seek redress for the resulting damages. By understanding their legal rights and options, property owners can navigate the complexities of construction defect litigation in the UAE and protect their interests.

Contractual Provisions for Addressing Construction Defects in the UAE

Construction defects can be a significant issue in the construction industry, leading to disputes between parties involved in a construction project. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), construction defects can result in legal actions that can be complex and time-consuming. It is essential for parties to understand the contractual provisions that govern construction projects in the UAE to effectively address construction defects and liabilities.

One of the key contractual provisions that address construction defects in the UAE is the warranty clause. The warranty clause typically outlines the obligations of the contractor to rectify any defects that arise during the construction process. It is essential for parties to clearly define the scope of the warranty period and the responsibilities of each party in addressing construction defects.

In addition to the warranty clause, parties may also include provisions for dispute resolution in the construction contract. Dispute resolution clauses can help parties resolve conflicts related to construction defects in a timely and efficient manner. Parties may opt for arbitration, mediation, or litigation to resolve disputes arising from construction defects.

Furthermore, parties may also include provisions for indemnification in the construction contract. Indemnification clauses can protect parties from liabilities arising from construction defects. It is essential for parties to clearly define the scope of indemnification and the circumstances under which indemnification will apply.

Parties may also include provisions for insurance in the construction contract to mitigate risks associated with construction defects. Insurance clauses can provide coverage for damages resulting from construction defects, ensuring that parties are protected from financial losses.

It is essential for parties to carefully review and negotiate contractual provisions related to construction defects to ensure that their interests are protected. Parties should seek legal advice to draft comprehensive and enforceable contracts that address construction defects and liabilities effectively.

In conclusion, navigating legal actions related to construction defects in the UAE requires a thorough understanding of contractual provisions governing construction projects. By including warranty clauses, dispute resolution clauses, indemnification clauses, and insurance clauses in construction contracts, parties can effectively address construction defects and liabilities. It is essential for parties to seek legal advice to draft comprehensive contracts that protect their interests and mitigate risks associated with construction defects.

Insurance Coverage for Construction Defects in the UAE

Construction defects can be a significant concern for property owners and developers in the UAE. These defects can range from minor issues, such as cosmetic flaws, to more serious structural problems that can compromise the safety and integrity of a building. When construction defects occur, they can lead to costly repairs, delays in project completion, and potential legal disputes between parties involved in the construction process.

In the UAE, construction defects are typically covered by insurance policies that are specifically designed to protect property owners and developers from the financial risks associated with these issues. These insurance policies can provide coverage for a wide range of construction defects, including design flaws, faulty workmanship, and material defects. However, navigating the complexities of insurance coverage for construction defects in the UAE can be challenging, and it is important for property owners and developers to understand their rights and obligations under these policies.

One of the key considerations when dealing with construction defects in the UAE is determining who is liable for the defects. In many cases, liability for construction defects may be shared among multiple parties, including the property owner, the developer, the contractor, and the architect. Determining liability can be a complex process that may require the involvement of legal experts who specialize in construction law.

When construction defects are discovered, property owners and developers may need to take legal action to address the issues and seek compensation for any damages that have been incurred. Legal actions related to construction defects in the UAE may involve filing a claim with the insurance company, negotiating a settlement with the responsible parties, or pursuing a lawsuit in court. In some cases, alternative dispute resolution methods, such as mediation or arbitration, may be used to resolve construction defect disputes more efficiently and cost-effectively.

Insurance coverage for construction defects in the UAE can vary depending on the specific terms and conditions of the policy. Property owners and developers should carefully review their insurance policies to determine what types of defects are covered, the limits of coverage, and any exclusions that may apply. It is also important to understand the claims process and the steps that need to be taken to file a claim with the insurance company.

In the event that a construction defect dispute cannot be resolved through insurance coverage, property owners and developers may need to pursue legal action against the responsible parties. Legal actions related to construction defects in the UAE can be complex and time-consuming, and it is important to work with experienced legal counsel who can help navigate the legal process and protect your rights.

Overall, insurance coverage for construction defects in the UAE is an important tool for property owners and developers to protect themselves from the financial risks associated with these issues. By understanding their rights and obligations under their insurance policies, property owners and developers can effectively navigate legal actions related to construction defects and seek compensation for any damages that have been incurred. Working with experienced legal counsel can help ensure that your interests are protected and that you receive the compensation you deserve for any construction defects that have impacted your property.

Statute of Limitations for Construction Defect Claims in the UAE

Construction defects can be a significant issue in the construction industry, leading to disputes between parties involved in a construction project. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), construction defects can result in legal actions being taken by parties seeking compensation for damages incurred. Understanding the statute of limitations for construction defect claims in the UAE is crucial for navigating legal actions effectively.

The statute of limitations refers to the time limit within which a party must file a claim for a construction defect. In the UAE, the statute of limitations for construction defect claims is governed by Federal Law No. 5 of 1985 concerning Civil Transactions (the Civil Code). According to Article 880 of the Civil Code, the statute of limitations for construction defect claims is ten years from the date of delivery of the completed construction project.

This ten-year limitation period provides parties with a reasonable amount of time to identify and address any construction defects that may arise after the completion of a project. It is essential for parties to be aware of this limitation period and take timely action to protect their legal rights in the event of a construction defect.

In some cases, parties may not become aware of a construction defect until several years after the completion of a project. In such situations, it is crucial for parties to act promptly upon discovering the defect to ensure that their claim is not time-barred by the statute of limitations. Failing to file a claim within the prescribed time limit can result in the loss of the right to seek compensation for damages caused by the construction defect.

It is important to note that the statute of limitations for construction defect claims in the UAE may vary depending on the specific circumstances of the case. For example, if a construction defect is discovered during the warranty period provided by the contractor, the limitation period may be extended to allow the parties to address the defect within the warranty period.

Parties involved in a construction project should also be aware of the potential liability for construction defects under UAE law. Under the Civil Code, contractors, engineers, and other parties involved in a construction project may be held liable for damages caused by construction defects. Liability for construction defects may arise from breaches of contract, negligence, or other legal grounds.

In the event of a construction defect, parties may seek compensation for damages incurred, including the cost of repairs, loss of use, and other related expenses. It is essential for parties to gather evidence of the construction defect, such as reports from experts and documentation of the damages, to support their claim for compensation.

Navigating legal actions for construction defects in the UAE can be complex, requiring parties to understand the statute of limitations and potential liabilities under UAE law. By being aware of the limitation period for construction defect claims and taking timely action to address any defects, parties can protect their legal rights and seek compensation for damages caused by construction defects.

Expert Witnesses in Construction Defect Cases in the UAE

Construction defects can be a significant issue in the UAE, leading to disputes between parties involved in construction projects. When these disputes escalate, legal actions may be taken to resolve them. In such cases, expert witnesses play a crucial role in providing unbiased opinions and technical expertise to help the court understand the complexities of construction defects.

Expert witnesses in construction defect cases in the UAE are typically professionals with specialized knowledge and experience in the construction industry. They may be architects, engineers, or other experts who can provide valuable insights into the causes of construction defects and the potential liabilities of the parties involved. These experts are often called upon to analyze the construction documents, inspect the site, and provide expert opinions on the issues at hand.

One of the key roles of expert witnesses in construction defect cases is to help the court understand the technical aspects of the case. They can explain complex construction concepts in a way that is easily understood by judges and jurors who may not have a background in construction. By providing clear and concise explanations, expert witnesses can help the court make informed decisions based on the facts of the case.

Expert witnesses can also help to establish the standard of care that should have been followed in the construction project. By comparing the actual construction practices to industry standards and best practices, expert witnesses can determine whether the construction defects were the result of negligence or a failure to meet the required standards. This information is crucial in determining the liabilities of the parties involved and can help the court assign responsibility for the defects.

In addition to providing technical expertise, expert witnesses in construction defect cases in the UAE can also help to assess the damages caused by the defects. They can quantify the cost of repairing the defects, as well as any other financial losses that may have resulted from the defects. This information is essential in determining the amount of compensation that may be awarded to the aggrieved party.

Expert witnesses may also be called upon to provide opinions on the feasibility of repairing the defects and the potential risks involved in doing so. Their expertise can help the court evaluate the options available for remedying the defects and make informed decisions on the best course of action. By providing objective and unbiased opinions, expert witnesses can help to ensure that the court reaches a fair and just resolution in construction defect cases.

In conclusion, expert witnesses play a vital role in construction defect cases in the UAE by providing technical expertise, assessing damages, and helping the court understand the complexities of the case. Their insights can help to clarify the issues at hand, establish the standard of care, and determine the liabilities of the parties involved. By relying on the expertise of these professionals, the court can make informed decisions that lead to fair and just outcomes in construction defect cases.

Arbitration vs. Litigation for Construction Defect Disputes in the UAE

Construction defects can be a significant issue in the construction industry, leading to disputes between parties involved in a construction project. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), construction defects can result in costly delays, financial losses, and damage to reputations. When faced with construction defects, parties must navigate the legal landscape to determine the best course of action to resolve disputes.

One of the key decisions that parties must make when dealing with construction defects is whether to pursue arbitration or litigation to resolve their disputes. Arbitration and litigation are two common methods of dispute resolution in the UAE, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

Arbitration is a form of alternative dispute resolution where parties agree to submit their disputes to a neutral third party, known as an arbitrator, who will make a binding decision on the matter. Arbitration is often favored in construction disputes due to its flexibility, confidentiality, and efficiency. In the UAE, arbitration is governed by the UAE Arbitration Law, which provides a framework for resolving disputes through arbitration.

One of the key advantages of arbitration is that it allows parties to choose their arbitrator, who is typically an expert in construction law and can provide specialized knowledge and expertise in resolving construction defect disputes. Additionally, arbitration proceedings are confidential, which can help protect the parties’ reputations and sensitive information from becoming public knowledge.

On the other hand, litigation is the traditional method of resolving disputes through the court system. Litigation can be a lengthy and costly process, but it offers parties the opportunity to present their case before a judge and have a binding decision issued by the court. In the UAE, construction defect disputes can be litigated in the local courts or specialized construction courts.

Litigation in the UAE can be complex, as it is governed by the UAE Civil Procedure Code and other relevant laws. Parties involved in construction defect disputes must adhere to strict procedural rules and timelines when pursuing litigation in the UAE courts. Additionally, litigation in the UAE can be time-consuming, with cases often taking several years to resolve.

When deciding between arbitration and litigation for construction defect disputes in the UAE, parties must consider various factors, such as the complexity of the dispute, the desired level of confidentiality, and the expertise of the decision-maker. In some cases, parties may choose to pursue a combination of arbitration and litigation, known as “arb-litration,” to take advantage of the benefits of both methods of dispute resolution.

Ultimately, the choice between arbitration and litigation for construction defect disputes in the UAE will depend on the specific circumstances of the case and the preferences of the parties involved. Parties should carefully consider their options and seek legal advice to determine the best course of action for resolving their construction defect disputes in the UAE.

In conclusion, construction defects can have serious implications for parties involved in construction projects in the UAE. When faced with construction defect disputes, parties must carefully consider whether to pursue arbitration or litigation to resolve their disputes. Both arbitration and litigation offer advantages and disadvantages, and parties should weigh their options carefully before deciding on the best course of action for resolving their construction defect disputes in the UAE.

Impact of Construction Defects on Property Values in the UAE

Construction defects can have a significant impact on property values in the UAE. When a property is found to have defects, it can lead to a decrease in its market value, as potential buyers may be hesitant to invest in a property that has known issues. This can be particularly problematic for developers who are looking to sell off-plan properties, as any defects that are discovered during the construction process can result in a loss of trust from potential buyers.

In addition to affecting property values, construction defects can also lead to legal liabilities for developers and contractors. In the UAE, developers and contractors are required to adhere to strict building codes and regulations to ensure that properties are constructed to a high standard. Failure to meet these standards can result in legal action being taken against the responsible parties.

One of the main legal liabilities that developers and contractors face in the UAE is the potential for claims of breach of contract. If a property is found to have defects that were not disclosed to the buyer, the buyer may have grounds to file a claim for breach of contract. This can result in the developer or contractor being required to pay damages to the buyer to compensate for the cost of repairing the defects.

Developers and contractors can also face claims of negligence if it is found that they did not take the necessary precautions to prevent defects from occurring. Negligence claims can be particularly damaging, as they can result in significant financial penalties and damage to the reputation of the responsible parties.

In order to navigate these legal actions, developers and contractors in the UAE must take proactive steps to prevent construction defects from occurring in the first place. This includes conducting thorough inspections of properties during the construction process, using high-quality materials, and ensuring that all work is carried out by qualified professionals.

If defects are discovered after a property has been completed, developers and contractors must take swift action to rectify the issues and prevent further damage. This may involve hiring a team of experts to assess the extent of the defects and develop a plan for repairs. It is important for developers and contractors to communicate openly and honestly with buyers about any defects that are discovered, as transparency can help to build trust and prevent legal action from being taken.

In conclusion, construction defects can have a significant impact on property values in the UAE and can lead to legal liabilities for developers and contractors. By taking proactive steps to prevent defects from occurring and addressing any issues that arise in a timely manner, developers and contractors can protect their interests and avoid costly legal actions. Transparency and communication are key in navigating legal actions related to construction defects, and developers and contractors must prioritize these principles in order to maintain their reputation and avoid financial penalties.

Preventing Construction Defects through Quality Control Measures in the UAE

Construction defects can be a costly and time-consuming issue for both developers and homeowners in the UAE. From structural issues to poor workmanship, these defects can lead to legal disputes and financial losses. To prevent such problems, it is essential for construction companies to implement quality control measures throughout the building process.

One of the most common causes of construction defects is poor workmanship. This can include anything from improper installation of materials to shoddy craftsmanship. To avoid these issues, developers should ensure that all workers are properly trained and supervised. Regular inspections should also be conducted to catch any mistakes early on.

Another key factor in preventing construction defects is the use of high-quality materials. Cutting corners on materials may save money in the short term, but it can lead to costly repairs down the line. Developers should work with reputable suppliers to ensure that all materials meet industry standards and are suitable for the project at hand.

In addition to workmanship and materials, proper design is crucial in preventing construction defects. Architects and engineers should work closely with developers to create detailed plans that take into account all aspects of the building process. Any changes to the design should be carefully reviewed to ensure that they do not compromise the structural integrity of the building.

Regular communication among all parties involved in the construction process is also essential. This includes developers, contractors, subcontractors, and inspectors. Clear lines of communication can help to identify and address potential issues before they become major problems.

Despite best efforts, construction defects can still occur. In such cases, it is important for developers to understand their legal liabilities and how to navigate potential legal actions. In the UAE, construction defects are governed by a combination of federal laws and local regulations.

Under UAE law, developers are generally held responsible for defects that arise within a certain period after the completion of a project. This period, known as the liability period, is typically set out in the construction contract. Developers may be required to repair any defects that arise during this time at their own expense.

In cases where defects are discovered after the liability period has expired, homeowners may still have legal recourse. They can file a claim against the developer for breach of contract or negligence. The courts in the UAE have the authority to order developers to pay compensation for any damages caused by construction defects.

To protect themselves from potential legal actions, developers should consider obtaining insurance coverage for construction defects. This can help to cover the costs of repairs and legal fees in the event of a dispute. Developers should also keep detailed records of all aspects of the construction process, including contracts, invoices, and inspection reports.

In conclusion, preventing construction defects through quality control measures is essential for developers in the UAE. By focusing on workmanship, materials, design, and communication, developers can reduce the risk of defects and legal disputes. In cases where defects do occur, developers should be aware of their legal liabilities and take steps to protect themselves from potential legal actions. By following these guidelines, developers can ensure that their projects are completed successfully and to the satisfaction of all parties involved.

Q&A

1. What are construction defects?
Construction defects are flaws or deficiencies in the design, workmanship, or materials used in a construction project.

2. What are common types of construction defects?
Common types of construction defects include structural issues, water intrusion, faulty electrical or plumbing systems, and poor workmanship.

3. Who is liable for construction defects?
Liability for construction defects can fall on various parties involved in the construction project, including contractors, subcontractors, architects, engineers, and developers.

4. What legal actions can be taken for construction defects in the UAE?
Legal actions for construction defects in the UAE may include filing a lawsuit for breach of contract, negligence, or breach of warranty.

5. What is the statute of limitations for filing a construction defect claim in the UAE?
The statute of limitations for filing a construction defect claim in the UAE is typically 15 years from the date of completion of the construction project.

6. What are the potential damages that can be recovered in a construction defect lawsuit in the UAE?
Potential damages that can be recovered in a construction defect lawsuit in the UAE may include the cost of repairs, loss of use, diminution in property value, and legal fees.

7. How can construction defects be prevented?
Construction defects can be prevented by conducting thorough inspections, using quality materials and skilled labor, and adhering to industry standards and building codes.

8. What are the responsibilities of contractors and subcontractors in preventing construction defects?
Contractors and subcontractors are responsible for ensuring that work is performed according to the contract specifications, industry standards, and building codes.

9. How can homeowners protect themselves from construction defects?
Homeowners can protect themselves from construction defects by hiring reputable contractors, conducting regular inspections during construction, and obtaining warranties for the work performed.

10. What role do insurance companies play in construction defect claims in the UAE?
Insurance companies may provide coverage for construction defect claims through liability insurance policies, which can help protect parties involved in the construction project from financial losses.

Conclusion

In conclusion, navigating legal actions related to construction defects and liabilities in the UAE can be complex and challenging. It is important for all parties involved in construction projects to be aware of their rights and responsibilities, and to seek legal advice when necessary to protect their interests. Proper documentation, communication, and adherence to contractual obligations can help mitigate the risks associated with construction defects and liabilities in the UAE.

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